I think I’m having similar behaviour on my system.
glxgears works but everything else using opengl either crashes outright or just shows a white screen or something of the like.
I’ve got problems as well with a Radeon RX 580.
For some weird reasons, glxinfo tells me that my OpenGL Core Profile is
stuck at version 0.
Forcing it to 3.3 fixes problems I have with opengl applications.
(alacritty, discord, …) using:
$ MESA_GL_VERSION_OVERRIDE=3.3
But that’s only a workaround. I don’t really understand what has
changed.