How can I resolve this libwayland-client GLFW Wayland error?

Sorry, I know I’m reviving a dead thread, but for any future people trying to solve the same problem, the more idiomatic way is to use lib.makeLibraryPath, eg, in your case

devShells.${system}.default = pkgs.mkShell {
  BuildInputs = with pkgs; [
    glfw-wayland
  ];
  nativeBuildInputs = [
    zigMaster
  ];
  LD_LIBRARY_PATH = pkgs.lib.makeLibraryPath (with pkgs; [
    wayland
    # any other libraries that need to be dynamically linked to
  ]);
};