noticed your question was more about find the “system” package, in that case you could do:
$ sudo nix eval nixos.firefox.outPath
"/nix/store/vr925qf8nk6sbvk7gvks3fcplkn00nrg-firefox-69.0.2"
This may seem weird to need to do sudo, but it’s on purpose. By default, sudo/nixos subscribes to a different channel:
$ nix-channel --list
home-manager https://github.com/rycee/home-manager/archive/master.tar.gz
nixpkgs https://nixos.org/channels/nixos-unstable
$ sudo !!
sudo nix-channel --list
nixos https://nixos.org/channels/nixos-unstable
so you have to change the channel to match what channel the system is using, and then use sudo to evaluate it as root, otherwise you’ll just see your own personal/user channel.