You could add unstable to specialArgs like so
nixosConfigurations.someHost = nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem {
system = "x86_64-linux";
specialArgs = { inherit unstable; };
modules = [ ./configuration.nix ];
};
and then use it in your modules
{ unstable, ... }:
{
environment.systemPackages = [ unstable.somePackage ];
}