Hello @SpidFightFR!
With hardware.nvidia-container-toolkit.enable = true;, the Container Device Interface (CDI) is used instead of the nvidia runtime wrappers.
With CDI you have to specify the devices with the --device argument instead of the --gpus one, like this:
$ docker run --rm --device nvidia.com/gpu=all ubuntu:latest nvidia-smi
Also, you will need to set Docker 25 (at least) in NixOS 24.05:
virtualisation.docker.package = pkgs.docker_25;
We are going to update the documentation to make this more clear and less error-prone. Please, let us know what would have helped in your case to identify the difference, it will help other users for sure.