I had also this issue when using NixOps. I did add the builtins.trace and the message appeared, but not the warning. I am using flakes and the only source is NixOS 22.11. I’ll update here if the warning comes back.
Edit: Nevermind, in my case, it was because I am using a systemd container and didn’t set system.stateVersion inside it.
Ah, interesting. Could be that the trace is from some systemd container that did not get updated the last time I did a rebuild. Because of that I would not have seen some trace, am I right?
I will observe and report back if something comes up again!