HISTSIZE
The number of commands to remember in the command his‐
tory (see HISTORY below). If the value is 0, commands
are not saved in the history list. Numeric values less
than zero result in every command being saved on the
history list (there is no limit). The shell sets the
default value to 500 after reading any startup files.
HISTFILESIZE
The maximum number of lines contained in the history
file. When this variable is assigned a value, the his‐
tory file is truncated, if necessary, to contain no
more than that number of lines by removing the oldest
entries. The history file is also truncated to this
size after writing it when a shell exits. If the value
is 0, the history file is truncated to zero size. Non-
numeric values and numeric values less than zero in‐
hibit truncation. The shell sets the default value to
the value of HISTSIZE after reading any startup files.
I think the reason why Konsole uses the term scrollback, is that it’s the upper limit that it needs to remember in a given shell session. The the size of history in a bash session is controlled through ENV variables.
This sounds like a task for home-manager. Generally, user-level configuration is best done with home-manager. Unfortunately I don’t think the option exists now, but I believe Konsole stores its configuration files in ~/.local/share/konsole and you can take advantage of the home.file.<name?>.text option and its siblings documented on the home-manager manual options page. Just follow the format of the Konsole config file you want to manage and you should be good.